Mikhail Gorbachev (1931 - 2022) was the last General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and the first President of the Soviet Union, serving from 1985 to 1991. He is known for his reform policies of "perestroika" (restructuring) and "glasnost" (openness), which aimed to modernize the Soviet system and increase government transparency.
These changes played a significant role in ending the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union. He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1990 for his efforts to reduce international tensions.
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