Franz Joseph I (1830–1916) was the Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary from 1848 until his death in 1916. His long reign saw significant changes in the Austro-Hungarian Empire, including efforts to modernize the state and address nationalist pressures.
Known for his conservative and autocratic rule, he faced numerous challenges such as the 1848 revolutions, the Austro-Prussian War of 1866, and World War I. His reign was marked by both continuity and transformation in European politics.
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